Which of the following is a process that allows two computers to use the same cryptographic algorithm?

The process that allows two computers to use the same cryptographic algorithm is best identified as key exchange. Key exchange protocols are crucial in cryptography because they enable two parties to establish a shared secret over an insecure channel. This shared secret is often a symmetric key that can be used with a specific cryptographic algorithm for secure communication.

In a key exchange process, each computer generates its own keys and then exchanges information that allows both parties to compute the same shared key without directly transmitting it. This ensures that even if the communication channel is insecure, an eavesdropper cannot easily derive the shared key.

In contrast, while the other terms are related to cryptography, they do not directly serve the same purpose. For instance, a cipher suite specifies a combination of cryptographic algorithms, but it doesn’t facilitate the process of two computers agreeing on which algorithms to use. X.509 pertains to a standard for public key infrastructure, primarily dealing with the management and distribution of digital certificates. PKCS is a set of standards developed by RSA Security; while it includes aspects of cryptography, it doesn’t specifically refer to the exchange of keys between computers.